M. Yamin Panca Setia

Regent Bless Disturb Investment

“So many bakso, sate and martabak traders who didn’t understand about mining can exploration. They are only think how to get benefit," said Jeffrey Mulyono, The Chairman Associate of Indonesian Coal mining (APBI).

In autonomy regional era, everyone can be mining business if they have mining license from local government. They didn’t difficult got mining license. They weren’t should followed fit and proper test to know about capacity exploration mining.

But, if they have a lot of money, and try more closed to regent, they can easy get license of mining. The regent can published because the regional government will get a lot of income from businessman tax.

The regent orientations to reach investment. That can more faster appealed process gets opus contract license mining that published by central government. But, that methode just give region government a little investment. While mine agent big scale whose interested to investment didn’t interest to flow big capital.

"Its prove, since 1998 no significant investment excepts because a lot of license mining published by regional government," said Irwandi Arif, The Chairman of Entrepreneur Mine Indonesia (Perhapi).

The President Director of PT Inco Arif Siregar also questioned about region capacity to control mining investment.

"Maybe any region can do that such as Riau. But, the others are unable," he said.

The mining investment a need big capital. At least for size's medium needed capital about US$400 million. Because of that, the investors needs condusive climate for mining investment, and good system to support invitations so expected by its back investments after such a degree year.

"So investment infrastructure shall be clear. If unclear about constitution, and often changed, we don’t want to invest our capital, because capital investment at mining can will be back needed about 10-15 years," he said.

The mining problems at Indonesian was made mine investment be drag. Industrial mining investment realization stagnan during 10 years.

Mining contribution to gross domestic product (PDB) averagely only about 3%.

"Only two percents from exploration expenditure mine in the world that get exploration at Indonesian," say Irwandy Arif, The Chairman of Indonesian Mineralogist Expert (Perhapi).

Eventually, the mining sector is one of potencial sector for state economics growth.

The state acceptance at 2007 from common mining reached around Rp32,3 trillion.

Acceptance state can more growth.

But, that is very difficult cause bad climate of mining investment.

The face Indonesia Mining investment deteriorate when region autonomy. One of quaint problem that make averse investment cause intersecting mining lisence published central and region government.

The entrepreneurs mines assess, mining lisence application authority local government is one crucial problem.

Mining lisence from local government make intersecting mining job farm, and make more expensive tax cost. Activity mining also uncontrol because a lot of mining lisence owner, without counterbalanced by energy and capacity each mineworker.

"Human resource at region that accept that authority delegation one of problem," said Arif Siregar. Authority delegation to regional from central government opens big access to everyone to be business mine.

"Film worker can involved in mines sector. They weren’t no fall included in mining, But follows mining method," he says.

"Really. Let to think, they have not good capacity and know about bowels earth, dredges up, black origin they dredged. They didn’t know in bottom have mine or not, they didn’t want to be confuse,” he said.

Jeffrey also assesses, new mine agents often disadvantage big mine industry. They were struggle a farm already being known mining rice.

Irwandi assess, local government necessarily didn’t see partial gain of contained mine wealth at region.

According to her, wealth mines ought to as national behalf that can be enjoyed by all Indonesian society.

"So, we must advance greater national behalf, we made up for the favor nation as a whole. So doesn't seen partially," say Irwandi.

Bad climate in the mining investment can see about how to get mining lisence. So many person used by guerrilla to catch that change because they have not big capital.

Several last years, when the government President Soeharto era, someone who will included in mining business brave show self because they have big money. But now, they used by guerrilla methode, they have not brave to stoutly perform. But, they can get lisence mining.

That reality disturb big industry mining to invest big capital. They interest disturb and make conflict mines with others who also have mining lisence.

The Departement of Mineral Resources Energy (ESDM) noted, about 3.000 mining lisence was published by local governments.

The center government was urgent to region arranged that problems, but, didn’t respect.

In autonomy region era, the central government can't do anythink to manage thousands mining lisence published by region government.

"The regents didn’t reported to us," say The Director Enterpasing of Mineral, Coal and Native Heat Department of ESDM, Mangantar S Marpaung.

"So, how many company has been delicated license mining by them. How much license mining was published (notifiable, red). Shall report to center government. I don’t want to pull out,” he said.

According to Marpaung, the regional government always answer if they published mining lisence to get salary tax from businessman.

If information about 3.000 mining lisence was published by regional government, Marpaung said, the state get loss royalty from corporate as mining lisence receiver cause 20 percent must sent to center government, 16 persent for province government, and 32 persent for the regency government.

The local government always said, they need benefits. "Its problem, what is holding mining lisence really knows trick dredge up earth bowels?" ask Jeffrey.

In fact, after nine years region autonomous, a lot of owner mining lisence didn’t give contribution for region because can’t explore mining area.

Local government also excess problem. At Southeast Sulawesi e.g., there are many founded mining lisence published by regency government didn’t give contribution for region development.

Nur Alam, The Governor of Southeast Sulawesi complained, there are many mining lisence published by Konawe's Regency Government didn’t give benefit.

Over there, many owner mining lisence no began and let asleep farm, so didn’t give positif contribution. Nur Alam assesses, the presence many of mining lisence disturb mining investment climate. He assesses, mining lisence must to arrange to establish good climate and comfortable for firm who want make this region more ahead.

Konawe's area is rich mining area. A lot of mining company interested to explore nickel and gold. Several company like PT Inco, PT Antam, Rio Tinto, PT Gerbang Multi Sejahtera, PT Intergra Mining Nusantara, PT Margo Karya Mandiri, PT Prima Bangun Persada Nusantara, PT Citra Arya Sentosa Hutama, PT Dwi Kencana Sari, dan PT General Satya Abditama, are interested to explore Konawe.

But, dozens investor was complained cause there are many founded mining lisence ownership overlap. Rio Tinto for example. Even have get mining lisence published by central government to explore Lasamphala area, Sulawesi, most teases after local government also published mining lisence to Bintangdelapan Group, the local firm working equal with contractor from China.

Moreever, Bintangdelapan Group background unclear in mining business. Information from www.bintangdelapan.com, that company address at Jl. Jl. Bulevar Gading Barat Blok LC 6 No 53 Kelapa Gading Permai is company business chemical, agricultural and plantation, commerce, oil and gas, mining, and wood industry.

PT. Panca Metta dan PT Meltapratama Perkasa moves in melamine distribution. That Firm also market industry raw material lije Alcohol, acid carbolic and some another chemical substance.

But, PT Bintangdelapan Wahana and PT Bintangdelapan Transsarana unclear area business tilled.

In sites also explained PT Bintangdelapan whose move at mineral mining production as iron ore, nickel, zinc, gold, silver, etcetera. This firm at West Sumatra West, North Sumatra, Aceh, Pekanbaru, West Java, Middle Sulawesi, Sulawesi Southeast, Halmahera and Papua.

At Purwarkarta, local government claims get difficult to arrange wild mining activity. The Head of Duty Mining Energy, Wawan Tasmara Setiawan claims, difficult disciplinize wild mining because most mining done by society local.

The society can't eat if the government published ban mining. But, the local government make a abode to disciplinize vicinity mining because can make bad impact to environment.

The Head of Duty Mining South Kalimantan, Alie Muzani also complain cause can't anythink to restrain coal mining mushrooms. At least, at region about 446 mining lisence with amount 322 owner mining lisence.

The Province of South Kalimantan also can't to control mining activity. Because mining lisence published is autority regency and center government. At South Kalimantan Kalsel totals mining lisence reaches 342 and 22 opuses indentured firms mining enterpasing petrify to smolder (PKP2B).

While PKB2B what does constitute big firm that permit at federal also available many numbers, as PT Adaro Indonesia, PT Arutmin Indonesia, PT Jorong Barotama Grestone (JBG) and many firms again that recorded 17 company is doing exploration now.

They activity uncontroll and just make environment damage. So many hole from thousands coal mine the grounds at South Kalimantan haven't restoration until now.

Averagely each mining lisence and PKP2B has 3-4 coal mine hole in the grounds done reclamation not yet.

The hole can be increased if added by total hole mines PKP2B who now reached 22 firms. Over there also 35-40 persent PKP2B corporate that to reclaim and 20 percents revegetasi, while federal didn’t reclamation activity.

The area was give to farm extent up to 228.556,25 hectares. Meanwhile aperture farm mines to reach 8.810,22 hectares, reclamation 6.239,57 hectares and revegetasi 3.431,54 hectares.

During 2007-2008, the police of South Kalimantan was close 28 coal mine firm because damage environment. Partly corporate owner was acted by undertaking foreclosure and another still in process.

The Researcer from Indonesian Knowledge Institute (LIPI) Iskandar Zulkarnaen assesses, to find solution and muffles conflict relationship between the center and region government, needed idea without make sacrify society and environment. That idea must directed to arrange autority division and control mechanism involved province government and society.

M. Yamin Panca Setia

Photo: Tempo